#FAQ

Q: Do I need private keys to verify?
A: No. Verification is structural and uses only the two neighbouring signatures.

Q: Can I verify after skipping multiple generations?
A: Yes, in S-mode for gaps 1…N−1. In X-mode you cannot skip.

Q: Why does X-mode verify in constant cost?
A: It compares N−1 pairwise roots between adjacent generations.

Q: Can I change the hash algorithm?
A: Yes. Use built-ins or register custom ones via the external hasher mechanism.

Q: What export format should I use?
A: bytes in binary pipes; hex for logs and debugging; base64 for URLs and forms.